Crystallographic and Morphological Evidence of Solid–Solid Interfacial Energy Anisotropy in the Sn-Zn Eutectic System

Abstract

In this paper, we explore the morphological evolution during two-phase growth in the Sn-Zn eutectic system, which has a particularly low volume fraction of the minority Zn phase. The reason for this choice is its exotic nature, as even with such a low volume fraction, the reported morphology is “broken-lamellar,” in contrast to the usually expected hexagonal arrangement of Zn rods in the Sn matrix. Thus, the main objective of the study is to investigate the reasons behind this phenomenon. We begin by presenting experimental results detailing the morphology and crystallography of the eutectic microstructures under various combinations of thermal gradients and velocities in directional solidification conditions. Based on the crystallography and further specially designed experiments we find that the solid–solid interface between the Sn and Zn crystal is anisotropic. On the basis of the results, we propose a hypothesis that the presence of solid–solid interfacial energy anisotropy leads to the formation of predominantly broken-lamellar structures, even when the minority fraction is significantly low.