Abstract
Crystallization for an ion beam in a storage ring was theoretically studied. Properties of ordered state of ion beams are discussed under smooth approximation. In particle simulations, performed in a realistic lattice, high-density three-dimension crystalline structures were achieved. In all cases the crystal had no shear slippage and only particle oscillations with the lattice periodicity took place. A linear dependence of longitudinal velocity on horizontal position, foreseen by the theory for ground states in a smooth lattice, was observed in all cases. This is a step forward in the understanding of crystalline ground states: the particles spontaneously organize themselves so to have the same angular velocity and to maintain their reciprocal position as in usual matter crystals. Theoretical considerations on shear and breathing are presented.
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