Crystallization of discrete ZrO2 polymorph in the amorphous bioglass matrix comprising essential elements

Abstract

The exceptional biocompatibility of bioglass in amorphous form is well-known; nevertheless, their crystallization to yield auxillary products during elevated heat treatments were considered as a major obstacle to retain specialized features. The excellent mechanical features of crystalline ZrO2 is deliberated as a primary choice in orthopaedic applications. The study aims to hold the well crystallized ZrO2 grains in amorphous bioglass matrix at elevated temperatures devoid of the crystallization of auxiliary products. The choice of elemental composition in bioglass to retain amorphous state in crystallized ZrO2 were explored. Preliminary investigation on the elements choice to design bioglass has been optimized followed by the specific formulation to integrate in ZrO2 component. Subsequently five different bioglass formulations with increment in the element concentrations has been designed and integrated in ZrO2 matrix. The characterization results ensured the impregnation of cubic ZrO2 (c-ZrO2) component in amorphous SiO2 matrix devoid of structural degradation until 1400 °C. The indentation tests accomplished better mechanical features of the resultant compositions that displayed good concurrence with the commercialized ZrO2 products.