Crystallization kinetics and morphology of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/poly(ethylene adipate) blends

Abstract

The miscibility, isothermal crystallization kinetics and morphology of the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/poly(ethylene adipate) (PEA) blends have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A depression of the equilibrium melting point of PVDF was observed. From the melting point data of PVDF, a negative but quite small value of the interaction parameter χPVDF-PEA is derived using the Flory-Huggins equation, implying that PVDF shows miscibility with PEA to some extent. Nonisothermal and isothermal crystallization kinetics suggest that the crystallization rate of PVDF decreases with increasing the amount of PEA, and a contrary trend was found when PEA crystallizes with the increase of the amount of PVDF. It was further disclosed that the blend ratio and crystallization temperature affect the texture of PVDF spherulites greatly, which determines the subsequent crystallization of PEA. At high temperatures, e.g. 150 °C, the band spacing of PVDF spherulites increases with the addition of PEA content and the spherulitic structure becomes more open. In this case, spherulitic crystallization of PEA is not observed for all blend compositions. At low temperatures, e.g. 130 °C, for the PEA-rich blends, the interpenetrated structures are eventually formed by the penetration of the spherulites of PEA growing within the pre-existing PVDF spherulites.