Abstract
Nitrofurantoin has been batch crystallised from both formic acid and formic acid/water (2:1). Powder X-ray analyses indicated different crystal structures. Thermal analysis (DSC and TGA) data showed that this was due to the formation of a monohydrate in the sample crystallised from the binary solvent. Production of the monohydrate was attributed to changes in the interactions between nitrofurantoin and the solvent systems during crystallisation. On drying the monohydrate, a stable anhydrous form was obtained. Marked differences in crystal habit of the two samples, as shown by scanning electron microscopy and image analysis, were maintained. The sample crystallised from formic acid had tabular crystal habit whilst that from formic acid/water was needle-like. This habit modification was thought to be associated with preferential adsorption of the water molecules by polar crystal faces, thus inhibiting their growth.
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