Crystal violet dye removal using crosslinked grafted xanthan gum

Abstract

As water is the most important source for survival for all individuals around the world, water pollution via synthetic toxic dyes and microorganisms is considered as a serious worldwide environmental problem. The present work aimed to synthesize crosslinked grafted xanthan gum (XG) films with poly (N-vinyl imidazole), PVI, for both removing crystal violet (CV) dye and inhibiting Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth. XG-grafted-PVI was prepared using potassium persulfate as an initiator to give different percentage of graft yield and using N, N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinking agent. The structure of grafted XG films was elucidated via various analysis tools including FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM and EDX. Results of CV adsorption studies showed that maximum CV removal was 99.7% (625 mgg−1) which was achieved at: 95% GY, 2.5% MBA, 40 mg of adsorbent into 50 mL of 500 mgL−1 CV dye solution, pH 7, temperature (30 °C) and adsorption time (7 h). Also, results fitted well with Langmuir isotherm model. Moreover, pseudo-first order and intraparticle diffusion model participated in the mechanism of CV adsorption on grafted XG surface, in addition to its efficient recycling ability. Furthermore, antibacterial activities results of crosslinked grafted XG revealed their high inhibiting effect for E.coli growth.