Crystal structure, vibrational spectra and DFT studies of hydrogen bonded 1,2,4–triazolium hydrogenselenate

Abstract

The new hydrogen bonded molecular complex 1,2,4–triazolium hydrogenselenate (THS) is prepared by the reaction of 1H–1,2,4–triazole and selenic acid. This complex is stabilised by N–H⋯O and C–H⋯O hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attractive forces between 1H and 1,2,4–triazolium cations and hydrogen selenate anions. The XRD studies revealed that intermolecular proton transfer occur from selenic acid to 1H–1,2,4–triazole molecule, results in the formation of 1,2,4–triazolium hydrogenselenate which contains 1,2,4–triazolium cations and hydrogenselenate anions. The molecular structure of THS crystal has also been optimised by using Density Functional Theory (DFT) using B3LYP/cc–pVTZ and B3LYP/6–311++G** methods in order to find the whole characteristics of the molecular complex. The theoretical structural parameters such as bond length, bond angle and dihedral angle determined by DFT methods are well agreed with the XRD parameters. The atomic charges and thermodynamic properties are also calculated and analysed. The energies of frontier molecular orbitals HOMO, LUMO, HOMO–1, LUMO+1 and LUMO–HUMO energy gap are calculated to understand the kinetic stability and chemical reactivity of the molecular complex. The natural bond orbital analysis (NBO) has been performed in order to study the intramolecular bonding interactions and delocalisation of electrons. These intra molecular charge transfer may induce biological activities such as antimicrobials, antiinflammatory, antifungal etc. The complete vibrational assignments of THS have been performed by using FT–IR and FT–Raman spectra.