Abstract
Crystalline hexagonal disk-shaped anatase TiO2 within manganese oxide (Mn2O3) nanorods has been fabricated to form manganese oxide-titanium dioxide (MnT) composites following sonochemical approach. The unique morphology of the synthesized MnT provides higher surface area to enhance the adsorption efficiency and promotes electron–hole separation. This appears particularly promising for efficient photocatalysis. The photocatalytic decolorization efficiency (PD) of sonosynthesized MnT (S-MnT) was tested via decomposition of an organic pollutant, malachite green oxalate under ultraviolet irradiation and compared to that of sol–gel synthesized MnT (H-MnT). The profound impact of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) addition on the photoactivity was tested. S-MnT with addition of sonicated H2O2 showed the best photoactivity (PD 99.61% in 50 min) in comparison to sol–gel synthesized H-MnT (PD 92.14% in 60 min). The mechanism of degradation was found to depend on the formation of superoxide radicals (O −·2 ), hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and the defect concentration. The role of ultrasound in the overall degradation process was also discussed. Photoluminescence studies demonstrate that Mn2+ ions are in an octahedral and tetrahedral coordination in both the composites which is favourable for light emission.
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