Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been a very useful tool in interrogating the micron-tonano sized structures at both atomic and subnanometer resolution. AFM allows both imaging of surfaces and interactions with surfaces of interest to help researchers explain the crystal lattice structure, and surface chemical and mechanical properties at nano scale. Since the invention of AFM, one has been frequently attracted by AFM images when browsing through many scientific publications in physics, chemistry, materials, geology, and biology (Gan, 2009; Sokolov et al., 1999; Wicks et al., 1994). AFM has been successfully used for imaging solid surfaces with subnanometer resolution for natural materials such as minerals, synthetic materials such as polymers and ceramics, and biological materials such as live organisms. There are also numerous reports of molecular and subnanometer resolution on biological and polymer samples.
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