Crystal growth and characterizations of an efficient semiorganic nonlinear optical (NLO) single crystal: 2-amino 5-nitropyridinium chloride (2A5NPCl) by assembled temperature reduction apparatus (ATR) method

Abstract

An efficient semiorganic non-linear optical (NLO) single crystal of 2-amino 5-nitropyridinium chloride (2A5NPCl) was grown by assembled temperature reduction apparatus. 2-amino 5-nitropyridinium chloride (2A5NPCl) belongs to monoclinic system with P21 space group. The functional groups of grown crystal were elucidated and indentified the compounds present in it. Optical properties of a monoclinic crystal were calculated. Lower cut off wavelength of the grown crystal was found to be 350.27 nm. Energy gap of semiconductor crystal was calculated and it is 3.16 eV. Low reflectance and extinction coefficient indicated that the grown crystal is more suitable for device applications. The mechanical strength of a 2-amino 5-nitropyridinium chloride (2A5NPCl) single crystal was measured and hardness test indicates that 2-amino 5-nitropyridinium chloride (2A5NPCl) single crystal is a soft material. Stiffness of the grown crystal elucidated that binding forces between ions are quite strong. Yield strength of the grown crystal were calculated and indicated that high mechanical strength. SHG of grown crystal shown that it is suitable for short wavelength generation and device fabrications. Thermal analysis was also studied and revealed that the grown crystal is stable up to 188 °C.