Cryptorchidism in free-living jaguar (Panthera onca): first case report.

Pedro Nacib Jorge-Neto,Lucas Leuzinger,Gediendson Ribeiro De Araújo,Cristiane Schilbach Pizzutto,Maitê Cardoso Coelho Da Silva,Jorge Aparecido Salmão-Júnior,Antonio Carlos Csermak-Júnior,Gustavo De Oliveira,Thyara De Deco-Souza

doi:10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0555

Abstract

Cryptorchidism is a genital alteration wherein one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum and has multifactorial causes. A free-range adult male was captured twice in the Pantanal of Nhecolândia to put a GPS collar and semen collection. Pharmacological semen collection, andrological examination and semen analysis were performed. At the first capture and during the andrological examination only the left testis was found, and the male qualified as cryptorchid. The penis had no penile spines at either procedure. The semen volume obtained at first and second capture was 435 and 160 μL, respectively, with a concentration of 618 and 100 x 106 sperm/mL, progressive motility of ~ 5% and ~ 1% and total morphological sperm abnormalities of 74% and 86%. The male was monitored by a GPS collar, but the signal was lost, making it difficult to re-captures and perform new seminal and ultrasound evaluations to discard monorchidism – exceedingly rare in felids. Genetic studies to assess the individual's homozygosity are necessary to verify whether cryptorchidism in this individual has a genetic factor.

Highlights

Cryptorchidism is a genital alteration wherein one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum and has multifactorial causes such as genetic, epigenetic and environmental components (Amann and Veeramachaneni, 2006)
Other causes may lead to cryptorchidism in mammals, such as navel infection during testicular descent (Romagnoli, 1991), exposure of the fetus to increased maternal estrogen (Depue et al, 1983), nonsteroidal antiandrogen drug (Hutson et al, 1994) or even maternal vitamin A deficiency during fetal development (Wilson et al, 1953)
Cryptorchidism has been reported in lion (Cohrs and Schneider, 1936), cougar (Mansfield and Land, 2002), eurasian lynx (Ryser-Degiorgis et al, 2004), cheetah (Crosier et al, 2006), fishing cat (Pinyopummin et al, 2011), ocelot (Araujo et al, 2013), blackfooted cat (Sliwa et al, 2016) and amur leopard (Napier et al, 2018)

Summary

Introduction

Cryptorchidism is a genital alteration wherein one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum and has multifactorial causes such as genetic, epigenetic and environmental components (Amann and Veeramachaneni, 2006). Uncertain if cryptorchidism is linked to other congenital defects in cats (Little, 2011), it has been reported as a genetic problem caused by inbreeding (Mansfield and Land, 2002). Cryptorchidism has been reported in lion (Cohrs and Schneider, 1936), cougar (Mansfield and Land, 2002), eurasian lynx (Ryser-Degiorgis et al, 2004), cheetah (Crosier et al, 2006), fishing cat (Pinyopummin et al, 2011), ocelot (Araujo et al, 2013), blackfooted cat (Sliwa et al, 2016) and amur leopard (Napier et al, 2018).

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