Abstract
Parisotoma notabilis is the most common species of Collembola in Europe and is currently designated as ubiquist. This species has been extensively used in numerous studies and is considered as well characterized on a morphological ground. Despite the homogeneity of its morphology, the sequencing of the barcoding fragment (5′ end of COI) for several populations throughout Europe and North America revealed four distinct genetic lineages. The divergence found between these lineages was similar to the genetic distance among other species of the genus Parisotoma included in the analysis. All four lineages have been confirmed by the nuclear gene 28S. This congruence between mitochondrial and nuclear signals, as well as the geographical distribution pattern of lineages observed in Europe, supports the potential specific status of these lineages. Based on specimens from the type locality (Hamburg), the species name was successfully assigned to one of these lineages. This finding raises several problems as Parisotoma notabilis has been widely used in many ecological studies. Accumulation of new data for the different lineages detected, especially ecological information and life history traits, is needed to help resolve this situation.
Highlights
Parisotoma notabilis was described by Schaffer in 1896 from Hamburg in Germany
Three other species of Parisotoma were added to the dataset to provide a reference for both intraspecific and interspecific genetic variation in other species within the genus: P. eckmani, P. amurica and P. hyonosenensis (Table 1)
Comparable distances were found among the other Parisotoma species included in the analysis with 0.54% for intraspecific variation and 26.4% for interspecific divergence (Table 2)
Summary
Parisotoma notabilis was described by Schaffer in 1896 from Hamburg in Germany. Since it has been abundantly recorded from various regions in the world [1,2] and can be considered as the most abundant species of Collembola in the temperate regions of the west Palearctic [2]. Populations reach their highest densities in Northern and Central Europe, decreasing steadily in the Mediterranean, Siberian and Arctic regions. The wide distribution of P. notabilis can partly be due to its near obligate parthenogenesis [8,9] which facilitates its rapid installation and spreading in new localities
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