Abstract
Crypthecodinium cohnii is a marine heterotrophic dinoflagellate that can accumulate high amounts of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and thus has the potential to replace conventional PUFAs production with eco-friendlier technology. So far, C. cohnii cultivation has been mainly carried out with the use of yeast extract (YE) as a nitrogen source. In the present study, alternative carbon and nitrogen sources were studied: the extraction ethanol (EE), remaining after lipid extraction, as a carbon source, and dinoflagellate extract (DE) from recycled algae biomass C. cohnii as a source of carbon, nitrogen, and vitamins. In mediums with glucose and DE, the highest specific biomass growth rate reached a maximum of 1.012 h−1, while the biomass yield from substrate reached 0.601 g·g−1. EE as the carbon source, in comparison to pure ethanol, showed good results in terms of stimulating the biomass growth rate (an 18.5% increase in specific biomass growth rate was observed). DE supplement to the EE-based mediums promoted both the biomass growth (the specific growth rate reached 0.701 h−1) and yield from the substrate (0.234 g·g−1). The FTIR spectroscopy data showed that mediums supplemented with EE or DE promoted the accumulation of PUFAs/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), when compared to mediums containing glucose and commercial YE.
Highlights
One of the most commercially important representatives of the omega-3 fatty acids’(FAs) group is docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is a long-chain, highly polyunsaturated omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid (LC-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs))
When compared to microbial DHA, fish-derived PUFAs lack the flexibility of its biosynthetic counterpart, as availability of raw materials strongly depends on fish resources
A marine dinoflagellate C. cohnii can accumulate PUFAs in significant amountsand it has been used previously for industrial production of omega-3 fatty acids [12]
Summary
(FAs) group is docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is a long-chain, highly polyunsaturated omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid (LC-PUFA). DHA is considered one of the most significant and beneficial fatty acids for the health of infants and adults. DHA plays a key role in the healthy development of the fetal brain and retina, it is commonly included in infant-oriented food products and supplements [1,2]. The main source of DHA is fish oil. When compared to microbial DHA, fish-derived PUFAs lack the flexibility of its biosynthetic counterpart, as availability of raw materials (e.g., fish oil for its production) strongly depends on fish resources (e.g., seasonality and geographical location). Conventional DHA production currently cannot meet the increasing demand for omega-3 FA for human consumption [5]
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