Cryogenic technologies of exposure on human body tissues

Abstract

Various types of physical laser, electromagnetic and cryogenic exposures on living tissues and human organs are used to suppress pathology or for destruction. The use of physical exposures is most often empirical. Nevertheless, experience confirms the promise of their use, and at the same time points to the need to study the characteristics of living tissues and the development of complex technologies for the application of physical effects. The paper describes the experience of their application in practice. They have a number of advantages over traditional methods of treatment, which include painlessness, absence of bleeding and a general noticeable reaction of the body, and a high functional effect. Local cryoablation using hand-held portable cryosurgical devices using liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant (minus 196C) is a practically applicable method for treating simple hemangiomas and allows obtaining good functional and cosmetic results. All types of simple small hemangiomas of any localization are subject to treatment, regardless of the age of the child. The presented method makes it possible to completely or partially refuse complex surgical interventions, especially when placing small hemangiomas on the face, neck, ear area, and also to obtain good results (98%). Preliminary microwave irradiation and the use of a laser make it possible to increase the possibilities of cryotherapy by 4-6 times along the depth of the hemangioma compared to simple cryoablation. This method retains all the useful features of cryoablation. It is promising for the treatment of cavernous and combined hemangiomas, which have a pronounced subcutaneous part and often complex localization. This approach is potentially useful in other cryogenic applications.