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Abstract
This article addresses the effect of Na+-Montmorillonite (MMT) on cryogenic mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP). Polypropylene/Montmorillonite (PP/MMT) nanocomposites were prepared by using twin-screw extruder incorporating the polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-mA) as compatibilizer is used for better dispersion of nanoclay in the polymer matrix. The dispersion and exfoliation of MMT in the nanocomposites were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction(X-RD). Mechanical behaviors of PP/MMT nanocomposites at both room temperature (RT) and liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) were investigated in terms of tensile, flexural and impact properties. The mechanical results showed that the tensile strength of PP/MMT nanocomposites at both RT and 77 K reached the maximum at the 5wt. % MMT content, increased by 3.1% and 13.2%, respectively, as compared with those of pure PP sample. The notched impact strength at RT increased from 22.33 J/m for the pure PP matrix to 36.53 J/m for the nanocomposite with the 5wt% MMT content. The fracture surfaces of neat PP and PP/MMT nanocomposites were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Finally, the dependence of the storage modulus and loss modulus of the MMT content was examined by Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA) at cryogenic temperature.
Highlights
The mechanical and thermal properties of polymers and composite structures can be altered through the use of various kinds of fillers
The property improvement of PP/MMT nanocomposites cannot be inferred from the Cryogenic Mechanical Properties of PP/MMT Polymer Nanocomposites results of the property improvement of PP/MMT nanocomposites obtained at room temperature (RT)
As the content of MMT increases, the flexural strength at both RT and 77 K reaches maximum at the MMT content 3 wt%, and increased by 11.5% and 21.2%, respectively, when compared with those of pure PP samples
Summary
The mechanical and thermal properties of polymers and composite structures can be altered through the use of various kinds of fillers. The dimensions of these fillers typically fall on a macroscopic (1 μm–1 nm) length scale. With the rapid development of the space industry and superconductive technologies, polymer matrix and their composites have been widely used in these fields. Successful applications of these materials highly depend on their performances at extreme low temperature (such as liquid nitrogen and liquid helium temperature), for reusable launch vehicles. In this paper, PP/MMT nanocomposites were prepared and their mechanical properties at both RT and 77 K were experimentally investigated and compared
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