Abstract
Many technologies in quantum photonics require cryogenic conditions to operate. However, the underlying platform behind active components such as switches, modulators and phase shifters must be compatible with these operating conditions. To address this, we demonstrate an electro-optic polarisation converter for 1550 nm light at 0.8 K in titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides. To do so, we exploit the electro-optic properties of lithium niobate to convert between orthogonal polarisation modes with a fiber-to-fiber transmission >43%. We achieve a modulation depth of 23.6±3.3 dB and a conversion voltage-length product of 28.8 V cm. This enables the combination of cryogenic photonics and active components on a single integration platform.
Highlights
The current state-of-the-art in high-speed single photon detectors are based on superconducting nanowires [1, 2]; such detectors have demonstrated timing jitters below 5ps [3]
Modulation in quantum photonics typically exploits advances in integrated optics, the lowest loss implementations still rely on bulk devices to maximise efficiency
We have demonstrated mutual compatibility between active electro-optic components for quantum photonic circuits and the operating conditions required for superconducting detectors
Summary
The current state-of-the-art in high-speed single photon detectors are based on superconducting nanowires [1, 2]; such detectors have demonstrated timing jitters below 5ps [3]. Modulation in quantum photonics typically exploits advances in integrated optics, the lowest loss implementations still rely on bulk devices to maximise efficiency. This makes integration with superconducting detectors extremely challenging due to the cryogenic operating requirements. We show electro-optic conversion between orthogonal polarisation modes from room temperature down to 0.8 K This expands the degrees of freedom with which single photons can be manipulated for quantum photonic tasks [18] whilst maintaining compatibility with the operating conditions of superconducting detectors, as well as other low-temperature quantum photonic technologies such as many single photon emitters.
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