Abstract
Crude oil toxicity possess a major threat to the aquatic ecosystem in the Niger Delta. This study investigated the inherent tolerability potential of hydrocarbon degrading strain of Citrobacter amalonaticus - Y2ESWS1 to crude oil toxicity. Sediment samples were obtained from selected locations and subjected to bacteriological analysis using standard methods. Bacterial identification result revealed taxonomic group of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria species including Citrobacter amalonaticus strain Y2ESWS1. Toxicity testing revealed that the toxicant concentration and exposure time were key variables that mediated toxicity. A second-order polynomial regression model revealed significant (P<0.05, 0.01; R2=0.9852) relationship between exposure time and bacterial growth at 20% crude oil. Citrobacter amalonaticus strain - Y2ESWS1 was tolerant to crude oil toxicant concentrations as was evidenced in its prolonged acclimation periods. In this study the toxicity of pollutants to bacteria cultures (Citrobacter amalonaticus strain Y2ESW1,) was highly dependent on the concentration of the toxicants. The bacterial proliferation was hindered by 20% toxicant. It is a pointer to its poor activity when exposed to hydrocarbon however it can be used in a consortium with other microbes including potent degraders to achieve enhanced degradation of contaminated site.
Highlights
IntroductionCrude oil pollution often results in serious effects on both the biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem
The bacterial proliferation was hindered by 20% toxicant
It is a pointer to its poor activity when exposed to hydrocarbon it can be used in a consortium with other microbes including potent degraders to achieve enhanced degradation of contaminated site
Summary
Crude oil pollution often results in serious effects on both the biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem It has damaging effect on associated microbial community because of their toxic propeies (Nseabasi and Antai, 2012 ;Iwatt et al .,2016). Biodegradation of crude oil by these hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria are limited by the resistant and toxic components of the oil itself, low water temperatures, scarcity of mineral nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, the exhaustion of dissolved oxygen and the scarcity of the hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms (Ubani et al, 2013). Due to the complex nature of crude oil, biodegradation involves the interaction of many different microbial species. In aquatic environment, it is largely carried out by diverse bacterial populations which are ubiquitously distributed in the water. Citrobacter species are rarely implicated in hydrocarbon degradation nor the tolerance of indigenous strains of oil degraders to hydrocarbon toxicity stress extensively investigated
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