Cross-neutralization of Thai cobra ( Naja kaouthia) and spitting cobra ( Naja siamensis) venoms by Thai cobra antivenom

Abstract

The neutralizing capacity of antivenom prepared against Thai cobra ( Naja kaouthia) venom was compared in mice using the homologous venom and that of spitting cobra ( Naja siamensis). The amounts of antivenoms neutralizing a dose of 4 ld 50 of the test venom were determined. Four antivenom preparations were used: three purified antivenoms and a crude antivenom, which were made using N. kaouthia venom only. Almost the same neutralizing capacity was obtained with the purified antivenoms, whereas a slightly lower capacity was seen with the crude antivenom. However, ratios of the amounts of four antivenoms neutralizing the homologous and heterologous test venoms were almost constant. These results indicated that Thai cobra antivenom possesses neutralizing capacity against spitting cobra venom.