Abstract
A photopolymerization method is used to prepare a mixture of polymer ionic liquid (PIL) and ionic liquid (IL). This mixture is used as a solid-state electrolyte in carbon nanoparticle (CNP)-based symmetric supercapacitors. The solid electrolyte is a binary mixture of a PIL and its corresponding IL. The PIL matrix is a cross-linked polyelectrolyte with an imidazole salt cation coupled with two anions of Br− in PIL-M-(Br) and TFSI− in PIL-M-(TFSI), respectively. The corresponding ionic liquids have imidazolium salt cation coupled with two anions of Br− and TFSI−, respectively. This study investigates the electrochemical characteristics of PILs and their corresponding IL mixtures used as a solid electrolyte in supercapacitors. Results show that a specific capacitance, maximum power density and energy density of 87 and 58 F·g−1, 40 and 48 kW·kg−1, and 107 and 59.9 Wh·kg−1 were achieved in supercapacitors based on (PIL-M-(Br)) and (PIL-M-(TFSI)) solid electrolytes, respectively.
Highlights
Green power generation and energy storage have been the most attractive subject of research in recent years
Carbon materials are mainly used in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC), but functional groups are involved on their surface that would lead to the appearance of pseudo-capacitance characteristics [5]
The symmetric capacitors were sandwiched by two working electrodes that were separated by polymer ionic liquid/ionic liquid (PIL-M-(Br) or PIL-M-(TFSI)) blend films as the electrolyte and separator with a thickness of ca. 0.25 mm
Summary
Green power generation and energy storage have been the most attractive subject of research in recent years. Cross-linked poly-4-vinylphenol (c-P4VPh) was employed as a polymer matrix and mixed 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ([EMI] [TFSI]) as a polymer electrolyte, which was involved in a porous carbon-based symmetric supercapacitor [11] with a potential window of 4 V at a charge–discharge density of 1 mA·cm−2 and a specific capacitance of 172.45 F·g−1, an energy density of 72.26 Wh·kg−1, and a power density of 1696.56 W·kg−1. Butane-substituted vinylimidazolium salt, 1-methyl-3-butylimidazolium as the cation and bromide as the anion, was photopolymerized to form a PIL This has the advantages of good thermal stability, high electrochemical stability and high ionic conductivity to achieve a high performance carbon nanoparticle (CNP)-based supercapacitor. (TFSI−1) in ionic liquid, whereas a cross-linked PIL was prepared as the solid electrolyte with high mechanical strength, retaining more IL
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