Abstract
BackgroundThe Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) is a scale designed to evaluate the impact of rotator cuff (RC) disorders on patients’ general quality of life. Our study aims to adapt the WORC for Chinese patients and to assess its reliability, validity, and responsiveness in Chinese patients with RC disorders.MethodsFirst, we developed the Chinese version of the WORC (C-WORC) in a five-step procedure of translation and cross-cultural adaptation. Next, the recruiting patients finished all three rounds of scales of the C-WORC, the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36), and the Oxford Shoulder score (OSS). Then we calculated Cronbach’s alpha, the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r or rs), the effect size (ES), and the standardized response mean (SRM) to evaluate the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the C-WORC, respectively.ResultsOverall, 124 patients with RC disorders successfully completed the first two rounds of the scales, and 108 patients completed the last round of the scales. Good or excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.872–0.954) was found in the overall scale and subscales of C-WORC, as well as good or excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.828–0.961). Moderate or good correlations (r/rs = 0.472–0.787) were obtained between the physical subscales of the C-WORC and the OSS and the physical subscales of SF-36; the results were also obtained for the emotions subscale of the C-WORC and the mental subscales of SF-36 (r/rs = 0.520–0.713), which, adequately illustrated that good validity was included in the C-WORC. In addition, good responsiveness was also observed in the overall scale and subscales of the C-WORC (ES = 1.57–2.27, SRM = 1.52–2.28).ConclusionsThe C-WORC scale is reliable, valid and responsible for the evaluation of Chinese-speaking patients with RC disorders and would be an effective instrument.
Highlights
The Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) is a scale designed to evaluate the impact of rotator cuff (RC) disorders on patients’ general quality of life
Doctors can understand the severity of the patients’ condition by the information obtained through these scales and to develop a more appropriate treatment option for patients [6]. These scales can be classified as generic scales and disease-specific scales. The former are developed for the evaluation of the overall status of a patient, such as the commonly used Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36), while the latter may be applicable for specific patient populations, such as the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) for shoulder instability [7], the Western Ontario Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder Index (WOOS) for shoulder osteoarthritis [8], and the Rotator Cuff Quality of Life Index (RC-QOL) [9] and the Western Ontario Cuff Index (WORC) [10] for RC disorders
Researchers can quantify the functional status of patients and compare these data with that derived from other scales
Summary
The Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) is a scale designed to evaluate the impact of rotator cuff (RC) disorders on patients’ general quality of life. Doctors can understand the severity of the patients’ condition by the information obtained through these scales and to develop a more appropriate treatment option for patients [6] According to their applications, these scales can be classified as generic scales and disease-specific scales. These scales can be classified as generic scales and disease-specific scales The former are developed for the evaluation of the overall status of a patient, such as the commonly used Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36), while the latter may be applicable for specific patient populations, such as the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) for shoulder instability [7], the Western Ontario Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder Index (WOOS) for shoulder osteoarthritis [8], and the Rotator Cuff Quality of Life Index (RC-QOL) [9] and the Western Ontario Cuff Index (WORC) [10] for RC disorders
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