Abstract
Integration of knowledge concerning circadian rhythms, metabolic networks, and sleep‐wake cycles is imperative for unraveling the mysteries of biological cycles and their underlying mechanisms. During the last decade, enormous progress in circadian biology research has provided a plethora of new insights into the molecular architecture of circadian clocks. However, the recent identification of autonomous redox oscillations in cells has expanded our view of the clockwork beyond conventional transcription/translation feedback loop models, which have been dominant since the first circadian period mutants were identified in fruit fly. Consequently, non‐transcriptional timekeeping mechanisms have been proposed, and the antioxidant peroxiredoxin proteins have been identified as conserved markers for 24‐hour rhythms. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of interdependencies amongst circadian rhythms, sleep homeostasis, redox cycles, and other cellular metabolic networks. We speculate that systems‐level investigations implementing integrated multi‐omics approaches could provide novel mechanistic insights into the connectivity between daily cycles and metabolic systems.
Highlights
Circadian clocks are believed to exist at almost all levels of life and play a key role in the maintenance of physiological and behavioral processes in accordance with the day/night cycle [1, 2]
Identification of the cyanobacterial KaiABC oscillator indicated the existence of non-transcriptional oscillators (NTOs); the analysis of such an NTO was only restricted to cyanobacteria, as Kai proteins are not conserved across distinct phyla (Fig. 2A)
We have a vast array of knowledge about the molecular underpinnings of the circadian clock, at the level of transcriptional networks
Summary
Circadian (approx. 24 hour) clocks are believed to exist at almost all levels of life and play a key role in the maintenance of physiological and behavioral processes in accordance with the day/night cycle [1, 2]. In mammals, sleep is invariably measured using electroencephalograms (EEGs), which may not be the best way to characterize or quantify sleep in the molecular era This is pertinent in organisms such as the fruit fly, in which electrical recordings are correlated with behavioral activity [4], but not yet clearly to sleep-wake cycles. Since the 1980s, transcriptional/translational feedback is abolished [15, 35] Taken together, it is apparent loops (TTFLs), wherein rhythmicity in the expression that TTFL-based models for rhythmicity cannot provide a patterns of specific genes are controlled by the periodic complete explanation for all features of circadian rhythmicity expression of “clock” gene products, were considered as (reviewed in [36]). A drop in the level indicated transcription-translation feedback could of PERs and CRYs de-represses BMAL1-CLOCK activity to be important, but not indispensable for circadian rhythmicity initiate a new cycle. Identification of the cyanobacterial KaiABC oscillator indicated the existence of non-transcriptional oscillators (NTOs); the analysis of such an NTO was only restricted to cyanobacteria, as Kai proteins are not conserved across distinct phyla (Fig. 2A)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
