Cross sectional study on cytomorphological diagnosis and clinical presentation of various thyroid diseases in Tribal areas of Odisha

Abstract

Introduction: Thyroid is an endocrine gland which is affected by various types of pathology including non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions. The disease burden is very high in costal areas of India and Himalaya areas. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an important mode of initial diagnosis of various diseases of the gland. The study was conducted in various tribal areas of Odisha to find various clinical features and cytomorphological (FNAC) finding of various pathology of thyroid. Methodology: The study included total 210 cases of thyroid disorder over a period of 1 year from October 2019 to September 2020 in the department of pathology. Cytomorphological diagnosis by FNAC and brief clinical data were taken into consideration for statistical analysis. Result: This study revealed that female cases were 86.2 % and male 13.8 % and highest percentage (44.28 %) of patients were in age group 21 to 40 years. Other than gland enlargement three most common presentations were heat intolerance, cold intolerance and tachycardia.