Cross sectional study estimating prevalence and location of maxillary sinus septum using orthopantomogram.

Archana Patil,Khairunnisa Khairunnisa,Srisha Basappa

doi:10.21276/aohdr.1912

Abstract

Background: Maxillary sinus septum is an anatomical variation in the maxillary sinus. It is a crucial structure that needs to be evaluated during sinus elevation procedure. As the risk of membrane perforation increases when anatomical variation such as antral septa are present. The study was conducted with the objective to evaluate prevalence and location of maxillary sinus septum.Methods: The study is based on analysis of digital orthopantomogram images that are obtained from patients who visited Farooqia Dental College and Hospital, Mysuru. A retrospective analysis of 400 maxillary sinuses (200 pairs) is done. The orthopantomogram images which exhibited any sinus pathology/fracture are excluded from study. Orthopantomogram was analyzed by examiners to confirm the presence/absence of sinus septum. Patients not having maxillary sinus septum on both sides are considered absence of sinus septum.Results: Prevalence of maxillary sinus septum was found to be 21%. Maxillary sinus septum was found in 49 patients on left side and 35 patients on right side.Conclusion: Study infers significant prevalence of septum with maxillary sinus that would aid to prevent complications during sinus lifting procedure.DOI:10.21276/AOHDR.1912

Highlights

Maxillary sinus septa (Figure 1) were first described by Underwood in 1910.1, 2 The etiology of antral septa has been the subject of several hypotheses by various authors
Neivert proposed that the septa were derived from the fingerlike projections produced by the embryologic out-pouching of the ethmoid infundibulum, where the contiguous walls did not resorb.3Maxillary sinus septa are walls of cortical bone present within the maxillary sinus; their shape has been described as an inverted gothic arch arising from the inferior or lateral walls of the sinus, and may even divide the sinus into two or more cavities.1, 4, 5Many sinuses are partially divided into compartments by bony partitions or septa that vary greatly in length and thickness.6Often one or several radiopaque lines traverse the image of the maxillary sinus
In present study maxillary sinus septum was found to be present in 84(21%) and it is absent in 316(79%) out of 400 maxillary sinuses (200 pairs) viewed in 200 patient through orthopantomogram

Summary

Introduction

Maxillary sinus septa (Figure 1) were first described by Underwood in 1910.1, 2 The etiology of antral septa has been the subject of several hypotheses by various authors. The presence of anatomic variations within the maxillary sinus, such as septa, has been reported to increase the risk of sinus membrane perforation during the sinus elevation procedure.8Detailed knowledge of maxillary sinus anatomy is becoming increasingly important during sinus augmentation surgery. Such augmentation allows anchorage of dental implants even when the posterior maxillary region has undergone severe bone resorption. Conclusion: Study infers significant prevalence of septum with maxillary sinus that would aid to prevent complications during sinus lifting procedure

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Conclusion