Abstract
Tularemia is one of the diseases transmitted between humans and animals. It is caused by a Gram-negative bacterium Francisella tularensis. Recent serological studies suggested that tularemia can be an endemic bacterial zoonotic disease in some countries surrounding Iraq such as Iran and Turkey. The main objective of this study is to detect tularemia in Sulaimani province northeast Iraq near to Iran border. Sulaimani city also has contact with many Turkish cities. This study was conducted between Jun and October 2020. Blood samples were taken from one hundred local breed rabbits of different ages and sexes. A highly sensitive real-time PCR technique was used. Sixteen out of one hundred blood samples (16%) were positively taken from different local breed rabbits from four different places in Sulaimani province. All positive samples were detected in the center of Sulaimani city. No published documents have been reported yet about tularemia in Kurdistan Region. This paper documented molecular detection of F. tularensis in local breed rabbits in Sulaimani province Kurdistan Region-Iraq
Highlights
Called as rabbit fever or deer fly Pearse identified a human disease known as fever, is a zoonotic disease caused by the deer-fly fever in Utah at the same time
His theory facultative intracellular bacterium Francisella was that the disease was transmitted by the deertularensis which is small, gram-negative, nonfly bite Chrysops discalis (8)
Tularemia was isolated Bacterium tularense from deer-fly fever found in about 250 wildlife species, giving cases and local jack rabbits in Utah ten years later
Summary
The study carried out in four different places (Said sadq, Chwarta, Darbandikhan and Sulimani city), in Sulaimani province Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The AddBio® genomic DNA extraction kit for blood and tissue (South Korea) was used as written by manual of the manufacturer. 25-35 mL blood was placed in a 1.5 ml plastic tube containing 200 μl lysis buffer (AddBio) 20μl proteinase K (AddBio). They were incubated at 56 °C for 20 minutes in a dry bath, this was done for optimal tissue digestion. The column was fixed in a new 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube and eluted with 200 μl ddH2O for 1 min incubation 6000 x g spinning for 1 min.
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