Cross-Sectional Area of the Anterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle: Comparison of MRI and Ultrasound Measures

Abstract

Changes in morphometry of head and neck muscles have received little attention in research relative to limb muscles. While recent literature suggests that high-frequency ultrasound transducers can provide superior spatial resolution compared to that of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), no studies have compared these imaging methods for investigating the submental muscle group. This preliminary study sought to compare ultrasound and MRI as a method of quantifying the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the submental muscle group. Measurements were taken from coronal ultrasound and MRI images in 11 healthy participants. Comparisons were limited to the anterior belly of the digastric muscle because of differences in imaging resolution. Ultrasound CSA measurements were smaller than MRI measurements (p = 0.01) by 10 % (95% CI = -18 to -2). Correlations were significant and relatively high (left: r = 0.909, p < 0.001; right: r = 0.776, p = 0.005). Ultrasound imaging has the advantages of natural participant positioning, superior clarity of muscle borders of the submental muscles, requires less acquisition time, and is a less expensive method of imaging compared to MRI. This preliminary study has shown that ultrasound is a viable imaging modality for quantitative measurements of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle and has advantages over MRI beyond cost and accessibility.