Cross-risks of development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis of premature neonates

Abstract

Annotation. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis have become modern problems of effective care of premature neonates. These two pathologies significantly delay the discharge of a premature baby from the hospital, lead to significant economic costs and worsen the quality of life of these patients. The aim of the study was to identify controlled predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, however, in the analysis of the initial status of patients obtained useful results for the parallel treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis. The study recruited 133 neonates with a gestational age of 28–32 weeks with a diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome on the basis of two NICU in Dnipro in the period from 2016 to 2020. According to the results of the study in the structure of treatment of premature neonates there were significant risks of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: the duration of respiratory support by mechanical ventilation, non-invasive ventilation, additional oxygenation, nebulizer therapy, and for necrotizing enterocolitis – lower fluid intake, hemoglobin level in 1, 3, 7 days of life, moderate and severe asphyxia. Some of the approaches in therapy are cross-cutting, such as the prevention of anemia in respiratory distress syndrome, fluid intake differences and intensive care methods reducing the duration of respiratory support for the prevention of late neonatal sepsis, we can create an algorithm that takes into account all the risks and enhance outcome for these patients. The perspectives for future work – research of neurological status of former premature neonates and finding out predictors of cerebral palsy.