Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Translation, and Validation of Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in Hindi Language in Patients With Chronic Neck Pain.

Abstract

Translation and psychometric testing. The objective of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) into Hindi (PSEQ-H), the local language of India, and assess its psychometric properties. The PSEQ is a commonly used outcome measure in patients with pain and related psychosocial aspects too. The PSEQ invites participants to consider their pain while assessing their self-efficacy views. Because about half of India's population understands Hindi, there is a need to translate the PSEQ into Hindi for patient convenience and better comprehension, as well as for research purposes. The PSEQ has been translated and culturally adapted into Hindi. A total of 120 patients with chronic neck pain were recruited. The PSEQ-H's content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and responsiveness were all assessed. To determine test-retest reliability, the intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated. Cronbach alpha was used to determine internal consistency. Criterion validity was assessed using the neck disability index, NRS, and anxiety and depression measures. The area under the curve and the change cut-point were determined using the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The PSEQ-H exhibited strong test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.90) and good internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.88). Factor analysis confirmed a one-factor structure for the PSEQ-H. Furthermore, the PSEQ-H demonstrated a moderate correlation with the neck disability index, numerical pain rating scale, anxiety, and depression scales. A change detection threshold of 8.3 was established. The PSEQ-H is a reliable and valid measure for use in research and clinical purposes in the Indian population with chronic neck pain. Level II.