Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory (HDI/T) in patients with cervicogenic headache

Abstract

Purpose Cultural adaptation to Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory (HDI) and investigating the validity and reliability of this inventory. Methods International standards were followed in conducting the cultural adaption of Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory Turkish version (HDI-T). Test-Retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC) and internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) were included in the psychometric assessments; Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to assess the structural validity; and construct validity was performed by examining relationship the HDI-T between the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT- 6), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14), and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). Results HDI-T showed excellent test-retest reliability (ICC =0.901), excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s a = 0.935), and low to high correlation with Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). Following EFA, two factors (emotional and functional) were extracted, accounting for 50.734% of the total variation. The dimensional structure of the HDI-T obtained in the EFA was confirmed by CFA. Conclusion The HDI-T is a reliable and valid instrument to determine the symptoms and disability in the Turkish population with cervicogenic headaches. Implications for Rehabilitation Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory Turkish version (HDI-T) is an outcome measure with high validity and reliability to obtain objective data in the determination of disability due to cervicogenic headache. HDI-T is recommended for all rehabilitation professionals to evaluate both the disability levels before rehabilitation and the changes during the rehabilitation process in patients with cervicogenic headaches in the Turkish population. Physiotherapists, orthopedists and neurosurgeons can also use HDI-T to objectively evaluate the secondary effects of their treatment for neck problems.