Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the reintegration to normal living index into IGBO language among individuals with mobility disability

Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye,Ifeoma Uchenna Onwuakagba,Stella Onyinye Oyedum,Uchenna Prosper Okonkwo,Christopher Olusanjo Akosile,Peter Olanrewaju Ibikunle,Ifeoma Adaigwe Okeke

doi:10.1186/s41687-019-0139-9

Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye, Ifeoma Uchenna Onwuakagba + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41687-019-0139-9

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Abstract

BackgroundCommunity reintegration is one of the most important elements of disability rehabilitation globally. Hence, there is need for availability of psychometrically-sound and culturally-specific instruments for its measurement. Most of the available community reintegration measures were developed and validated in developed countries and might therefore not be suitable for use in developing countries. This study was aimed at cross-culturally adapting and validating the original English visual analogue scale version of the Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI) into Igbo Language and culture among people with mobility disability in Igbo land, Southeast Nigeria. The English version of the RNLI was cross-culturally adapted to Igbo following the American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons’ guideline. The RNLI was translated into Igbo Language, synthesized, back translated, and subsequently subjected to expert panel review, pretesting and cognitive debriefing interview. The final Igbo version of the RNLI was tested for internal consistency and construct validity in a sample of 102 consenting participants (61.8% males; 46.92 ± 20.91 years) recruited from conveniently sampled clinics and rehabilitation centres in Anambra and Enugu States of South-Eastern Nigeria. The construct (concurrent) validity was evaluated using Spearman rank correlation, scatter plot and Mann-Whitney U test while the internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha at alpha level of 0.05.ResultsThe RNLI was successfully cross-culturally adapted to Igbo with all the 11 items still retained. The mean total score of the participants on the RNLI was 58.62 ± 21.25. The internal consistency coefficient (α = 0.84) of Igbo version of the RNLI was excellent. The Spearman correlation coefficients between the participants’ total, subscale and domain scores on the Igbo and the English versions of the RNLI (r = 0.81–0.95) were excellent. There was no significant difference between corresponding scores in the English and Igbo versions of the RNLI.ConclusionThe Igbo version of the RNLI is a valid and reliable outcome measure among Igbo people living with mobility disabilities in Southeast Nigeria. It is therefore recommended for use among this group.

Highlights

Community reintegration is one of the most important elements of disability rehabilitation globally
Cross-cultural adaptation process of the Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI) into Igbo culture and environment All the 11 items on the English version of the RNLI (E-RNLI) were retained on the IRNLI but some modifications were made on some of the items during the process of cross-cultural adaptation
The expert panel suggested that the phrase, “recreational activities” still be retained in parenthesis in the I-RNLI

Summary

Introduction

Community reintegration is one of the most important elements of disability rehabilitation globally. Most of the available community reintegration measures were developed and validated in developed countries and might not be suitable for use in developing countries. This study was aimed at cross-culturally adapting and validating the original English visual analogue scale version of the Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI) into Igbo Language and culture among people with mobility disability in Igbo land, Southeast Nigeria. The final Igbo version of the RNLI was tested for internal consistency and construct validity in a sample of 102 consenting participants (61.8% males; 46.92 ± 20.91 years) recruited from conveniently sampled clinics and rehabilitation centres in Anambra and Enugu States of South-Eastern Nigeria. The prevalence of disability is very high in developing countries with about 40% of African population consisting of people with disability [2]. Mobility disability is the most frequently reported disability type [5] with nearly 40% of adults over age 45 having difficulty with physical movement [6]

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