Abstract
Objectives: Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) instruments, such as the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11-14 (CPQ11-14), are broadly used in oral health surveys around the world. However, there is a lack of these instruments in Spanish language limiting the comparison of OHRQoL outcomes among countries, cultures and ethnic groups. The aim of the present study was to cross-culturally adapt the CPQ11-14 to the Peruvian Spanish language and assess its reliability and validity. Material and Methods: To test the translation and cross-cultural adaptation, 60 children aged 11-to-14-years answered the CPQ11-14 in two pilot tests. After that, the questionnaire was tested on 200 children of the same age, who were clinically examined for dental caries. The internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient while repeat administration of the CPQ11-14 on the same 200 children facilitated the test-retest reliability via intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct and discriminant validity were based on associations of the CPQ11-14 with global ratings of oral health and clinical groups respectively. Results: The mean (standard deviation) CPQ11-14 score was 20.18(13.07). Internal consistency was confirmed by a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.81. Test-retest reliability revealed excellent reproducibility (ICC= 0.92). Construct validity was confirmed demonstrating statistically significant associations between total CPQ11-14 score and global ratings of oral health (p=0.035) and overall well-being (p<0.001). The measure was also able to discriminate between children with dental caries experience and those without (mean scores: 26.32 and 12.96 respectively; p<0.001). Conclusions: The Spanish CPQ11-14 has satisfactory psychometric properties and is applicable to children in Peru. Key words:Oral health, quality of life, children, adolescent, validity, reliability.
Highlights
The concept of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) relates to the impact that oral conditions have on the individual’s daily functioning, well-being or quality of life
Its validity has been demonstrated in English-speaking children in Canada, United Kingdom and New Zealand, in Danish in Denmark, German in Germany, Arabic in Saudi Arabia, Portuguese in Brazil, Thai and Chinese languages [1,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]
OHRQoL instruments have a potential role as outcome measures for evaluating service initiatives and oral health promotion programs, the perceptions of the impact of dental disorders on the quality of life are likely to trigger demand for dental treatment
Summary
The concept of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) relates to the impact that oral conditions have on the individual’s daily functioning, well-being or quality of life. During the last ten years, researchers have developed different self-reported OHRQoL instruments for children and adolescents among 8 and 15 years old [1,2,3,4]. Of these instruments, the most employed, as supplement to clinical indicators to assess the child’s OHRQoL, is the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11-14 (CPQ11-14) [1]. OHRQoL instruments have a potential role as outcome measures for evaluating service initiatives and oral health promotion programs, the perceptions of the impact of dental disorders on the quality of life are likely to trigger demand for dental treatment. The aim of the present study was to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of the CPQ11-14 to the Peruvian Spanish language and to test its reliability and validity in Peruvian 11 to 14 years old children
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