Abstract
ABSTRACT In Brazil, sacha inchi oil is produced by hand from plant materials with no breeding or detailed information about the chemical composition of seeds. In addition, most of the current information on the agronomic traits of this species originates from research carried out in the Peruvian Amazon. In order to promote the research and cultivation of sacha inchi in the Brazilian territory, this study aimed to analyze, in the central Amazon region, different accessions of this oilseed for characteristics of production and quality of fruits and seeds, as well as to estimate genetic parameters, through mixed models, with identification of superior accessions, for breeding purposes. A total of 37 non-domesticated accessions were evaluated in a randomized block design, with five replications and two plants per plot. The average oil content in seeds was 29.07 % and unsaturated fatty acids amounted to 91.5 % of the total fat content. For the yield traits, the estimates of individual broad-sense heritability were moderate (~0.33), while the heritability based on the average of progenies resulted in a selective accuracy of approximately 0.85. The use of the selection index provided simultaneous gains for yield traits (> 40 %) and oil yield. A high genetic variability was observed for the main traits of commercial interest for the species, as well as promising perspectives for the development of superior varieties for agro-industrial use.
Highlights
IntroductionSacha inchi nuts contain roughly 27 % of protein and 54 % of oil, which is rich in linolenic and linoleic unsaturated fatty acids
Where σg2 is the genetic variance among accessions, Yield traits for all sacha inchi accessions σe2 the residual variance and I the identity matrix. varied markedly with the time of the year (Figure 1a)
The production of fruits and seeds in central Amazon was unevenly distributed over time, and yields were lower than under Peruvian growing conditions; 2
Summary
Sacha inchi nuts contain roughly 27 % of protein and 54 % of oil, which is rich in linolenic and linoleic unsaturated fatty acids Genetic parameter estimation and selection of sacha inchi in central Amazon fat content - Follegatti-Romero et al 2009). The high unsaturated fatty acid levels in sacha inchi oil reduce postprandial triglyceride levels in adults (Huamán et al 2008) and help to prevent cardiovascular and neuromuscular diseases (Blondeau & Schneider 2006, Ramaprasad et al 2006). Sacha inchi has favorable characteristics for reforestation and slope protection against erosion and may be an alternative in degraded areas and family farming programs (Bordignon et al 2012)
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