Crop Monitoring of Agricultural Land in Chikkaballapura District of Karnataka Using HSR Data

Abstract

Remote sensing plays a major role in crop monitoring, as it helps in crop classification, crop health, and yield assessments. In the current environmental circumstances, crop condition monitoring, crop yield projections, irrigation monitoring, and over-fertilization monitoring are required. The present study utilizes Sentinel-2 multispectral data which is a high spatial resolution (HSR) satellite data from European Space Agency (ESA). For the present study of crop monitoring, an open-source GIS software named the Sentinel Application Platform (SNAP) was used to process the HSR data. The study was carried out on agricultural lands of Kurubarahalli, Gauribidanur taluk of Chikkaballapura District of Karnataka. A total of six agricultural lands with different crops (maize, coconut, raagi, and lentils) were monitored over the 7 months of the year 2020 by obtaining spectral band indices to understand the growth of the crop. Greater diversity of spectral vegetation indices (VIs) is achieved by red edge bands of Sentinel-2 to calculate the indices needed for the study and vegetation characterization. The indices studied are leaf area index (LAI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR), FCover, or known as fraction of vegetation cover (FVC), canopy chlorophyll content (CCC), canopy water content (CWC).