CROP COEFFICIENT, DRY MATTER PARTITION AND SEEDLINGS QUALITY OF Hymenaea courbaril L. IN CONTAINERS SIZES UNDER WATER DEFICIT IRRIGATION1

César Antônio Da Silva,Cícero José Da Silva,Durval Dourado Neto

doi:10.1590/1806-90882017000200013

César Antônio Da Silva, Cícero José Da Silva + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-90882017000200013

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Native species seedlings are commonly used in the degraded areas reforestation, riparian forests and legal reserve. Among the factors that influence the seedlings quality, are the container size and the substrate water availability. Thus, the objective of this paper was to evaluate Hymenaea courbaril L. seedlings response in function of irrigation levels and container sizes. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse, in randomized blocks design, with three replications in split plots, in 2 x 5 scheme. Rigid pots of 3.1 L and stiff plastic tubes of 4.0 L were used in the plots, while irrigation levels equals to 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of the maximum evapotranspiration (ETm) were used in the subplots. The stiff plastic tube provided larger ETm and increased seedlings quality and, consequently, larger crop coefficient (Kc) in comparison with rigid pot, in the phase from 80 to 200 days after the sowing (DAS). The Kc of the seedlings in citrovase varired from 0.54 to 1.12, of the planting at 200 DAS, according the Penman-Monteith methodology. Irrigation levels between ETm 86.8% and 100% propitiated larger seedlings quality index. To the 200 DAS, the roots dry matter was larger than the leaves dry matter, unlike the initial phases.

Highlights

The need of degraded areas restoration and legal reserve composition in the areas of Brazilian Savana, Amazonian and Atlantic Forest Biomes increases the demand of native species seedlings, as the jatoba plant (Hymenaea courbaril L.).The jatoba plant belongs to the Fabaceae family and it is found from Piaui State to the north Parana State, Brazil (Gonzaga et al, 2016), reaching, in the adult phase, from 10 to 15 m of height (Carvalho Filho et al, 2003)
Rigid pots of 3.1 L and stiff plastic tubes of 4.0 L were used in the plots, while irrigation levels equals to 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of the maximum evapotranspiration (ETm) were used in the subplots
Several containers types were already used in the production of forest species seedlings, such as polyethylene sacks, rigid pots, bottles recycled made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and more recently, the tubettes and stiff plastic tubes made of rigid polyethylene (Silva et al, 2016)

Summary

Introduction

The need of degraded areas restoration and legal reserve composition in the areas of Brazilian Savana, Amazonian and Atlantic Forest Biomes increases the demand of native species seedlings, as the jatoba plant (Hymenaea courbaril L.).The jatoba plant belongs to the Fabaceae family and it is found from Piaui State to the north Parana State, Brazil (Gonzaga et al, 2016), reaching, in the adult phase, from 10 to 15 m of height (Carvalho Filho et al, 2003). Nurseryman commonly uses tubettes, H. courbaril L. demands larger containers(Carvalho Filho et al, 2003; Nascimento et al, 2011; Santos et al, 2011). The restriction at the root system, imposed by the substrate volume and by the container walls, reduces important parameters, as the height, foliar area (Vallone et al, 2010), stem diameter and dry matter production (Gasparin et al, 2014). Such reduction was observed in Anadenanthera macrocarpa seedlings (Benth.) Brenan and Sesbania virgata (Cav.) (Samôr et al, 2002)

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