Crop–animal systems in Asia: socio-economic benefits and impacts on rural livelihoods

Abstract

Traditionally, small farmers in Asia have practiced mixed farming. To improve crop and animal productivity, increase farm incomes and maintain the ecological balance, several technology options have been developed through on-station and on-farm research by international organisations and national agricultural research systems. However, a review of the research reveals a paucity of information, particularly in South Asia, on the socio-economic benefits and impacts of these technologies and interventions for poor farming households. This paper presents the few case studies available which document the benefits of new technologies to improve crop–animal systems. Additionally, the paper suggests reasons for the neglect of socio-economics in these studies, and ways to strengthen this dimension.