Abstract
This article summarizes the essential concepts and methodologies for estimating plant water and irrigation requirements. Reference evapotranspiration is defined relative to a reference crop with constant canopy characteristics, allowing to parameterize the surface and aerodynamic resistances to heat and vapor fluxes. Crop evapotranspiration is obtained using crop coefficients, which reflect the canopy differences relative to the reference crop. Both time-averaged and dual-crop coefficients are explained, together with corrections for climate and plant density. An adaptation aiming at estimating landscape water requirements is made by introducing the concept of the landscape coefficient. Finally, essential information on the soil water balance to estimate crop and landscape irrigation requirements is provided.
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