Abstract
Ventilation is an effective method for controlling smoke during a tunnel fire. The “critical ventilation velocity” u cr is generally defined as the minimum velocity at which smoke is prevented from spreading against the longitudinal ventilation flow in tunnel fire situations. This study conducted small-scale experiments to investigate u cr for situations when tunnel fire occurs near tunnel exits. The model tunnel was 4 m long, 0.6 m wide and 0.6 m tall, and the fires were located at 0.5 m, 1.0 m and 1.5 m from the tunnel exit. 6.3×6.3 cm 2 and 9.0×9.0 cm 2 square asoline fuel pans were used as fire source. Results show that u cr decreases as the fire approaches the tunnel exit.
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