Critical thinking as "soft skill" for the human of the xxi century

Abstract

Recently, such phrases as logical thinking, analytical thinking and critical thinking have come into common use. These concepts are becoming more and more relevant every day, because these are the necessary skills of a modern person who wants to succeed. The changes that are taking place in the industrial, socio-economic, cultural and other spheres marked changes in the way of thinking, formed a different worldview, changed the attitude to activities that transform the world and society. The challenge for a person of the XXI century is the constant transformation and adaptation of one's own thinking to the thinking of others, while not forgetting about truth, clarity, accuracy and comprehensibility. Critical thinking is a complex dynamic process in which a person, using his or her "ration", learns to question information, put forward theses, look for their confirmation, find weak and strong arguments, and most importantly, make balanced and informed decisions. We must recognize that thinking is a highly complex psychological process without which human existence is impossible, thinking provides the cognitive process in humans, but also transforms and improves knowledge in the course of historical and cultural development of man. Along with the historical self-improvement of thinking, there are such qualities of thinking as criticality and logic. Critical thinking requires certain skills, namely the ability to identify contradictions and contradictions, as well as to find reliable conclusions, and to build their thoughts on the basis of facts and knowledge. The phrase "critical thinking" is understood as the ability to apply all of the above in practice, that is, to justify, analyze, interpret, evaluate and make informed conclusions. A modern person should question the established opinions and judgments, should be able to competently and reasonably conduct a dialogue, determine the essence of the problem and look for alternative solutions, it should be necessary to be able to distinguish the fact that can always be confirmed from assumptions and personal subjective opinion, which is why this article is devoted to the analysis of critical thinking in the education system of Ukraine, which is important for modern Ukrainian society.