Abstract
There is an increasing pressure to improve the cost-effectiveness of orthopaedic training, both temporally and financially. Accordingly, virtual reality (VR) has been incorporated into a number of surgical training programs, providing trainees a safe yet realistic environment to practice their craft before going into the operating room. Identification of critical success factors (CSFs) for VR integration in the orthopaedic training program, can be beneficial in guiding the focus of healthcare providers and VR designers during the VR platform development stage. The aim of this study is to identify VR-based training CSFs that encourage orthopaedic surgeons to use VR as a method for acquiring, maintaining, and improving skills. A total of 74 studies conducted between 2011 and 2021 were selected and examined. There were 73 CSFs listed as being essential for VR adoption in orthopaedic surgical training. The CSFs were divided into six general categories: HCI/VR Features, Learning Outcome, Usability, Control and Active Learning, Student and Limitation factors. Subsequently, recommendations were made to guide healthcare professionals, researchers, and designers for optimal adoption of VR in orthopaedic surgical training in the future.
Highlights
Orthopaedic is a field of medicine concerned with the pathology, physiology, and disease of the musculoskeletal system [1]
The most commonly reported performance achievement critical success factors (CSFs) are increased accuracy of critical steps, reduction of time to complete the procedure, reduction of camera path length, improved knowledge on arthroscopy, skill transfer validity on cadaver test, and validation of surgical skills according to experience
Because of the functional importance of this topic for training new surgeons, this review looked at the CSFs of virtual reality-based training (VRT) in the orthopaedic domain
Summary
Orthopaedic is a field of medicine concerned with the pathology, physiology, and disease of the musculoskeletal system [1]. An orthopaedic surgeon is a medical professional that specialises in diagnosis and management of diseases related to the musculoskeletal system [2]. Their qualifications include a medical degree, followed by four years of orthopaedic residency training. An orthopaedic surgeon who has undergone extensive preparation is authorized to perform a variety of tasks including examining orthopaedic cases and performing surgery when necessary [2]. The ever-growing elderly population has increased the need for orthopaedic surgeons that can accommodate the resulting healthcare demand, on age-related orthopaedic disease such as osteoarthritis [3]. The inevitable retirement of senior orthopaedic surgeons, stresses the importance of training novice clinician into
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