Abstract
Due to several benefits attached to distributed generators such as reduction in line losses, improved voltage profile, reliable system etc., the study on how to optimally site and size distributed generators has been on the increase for more than two decades. This has propelled several researchers to explore various scientific and engineering powerful simulation tools, valid and reliable scientific methods like analytical, meta-heuristic and hybrid methods to optimally place and size distributed generator(s) for optimal benefits. This study gives a critical review of different methods used in siting and sizing distributed generators alongside their results, test systems and gaps in literature.
Highlights
Electric power system (EPS) is one of the most complex conceptions by mankind, and it is a non-linear system
The results show that the total power losses are dependent on the distributed generator (DG) location
This study gave a critical, comprehensive and systematic survey of the existing methods for integrating DG(s) into EPS in order to mitigate continuous increase in load demand.Three categories of optimasation techniques i.e. analytical, meta-heuristic and hybrid optimisation methods were considered. This categorization, as well asthe representative techniques described under each category, will benefit optimisation techniques’researchers for choosing from proper state-of-the-art population-initializationbased techniques for their research.The volume of the surveyed techniques revealed that optimisation techniques havebecome an active research topic in electrical power system domain
Summary
Electric power system (EPS) is one of the most complex conceptions by mankind, and it is a non-linear system. The purpose of Electrical Power System (EPS) is to generate and supply electrical energy to users [1]. It comprises generation station, transmission network, distribution network and load centres. The load centres receive and consume generated power by the generation stations via the link of transmission and distribution networks. Power engineers during planning stage, give a margin or forecast to accommodate future load demand on the network, development brings about increase in the load demand which will outgrow the specified margin at some points. There will be need for expansion when load demand equals or greater than the supply power from generation stations
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