Abstract
We study critical phenomena of nonequilibrium phase transitions by using the AdS/CFT correspondence. Our system consists of charged particles interacting with a heat bath of neutral gauge particles. The system is in current-driven nonequilibrium steady state, and the nonequilibrium phase transition is associated with nonlinear electric conductivity. We define a susceptibility as a response of the system to the current variation. We further define a critical exponent from the power-law divergence of the susceptibility. We find that the critical exponent and the critical amplitude ratio of the susceptibility agree with those of the Landau theory of equilibrium phase transitions, if we identify the current as the external field in the Landau theory.
Highlights
Nonequilibrium phenomena have wider variety compared to equilibrium phenomena
We find that the susceptibility shows critical phenomena and the value of the critical exponent γ agrees with that in the Landau theory of equilibrium phase transitions
Together with the results for β and δ, our results state that the critical phenomena in the nonequilibrium phase transition in question have remarkable similarity with those in the Landau theory of equilibrium phase transitions, if we identify the current as the external field
Summary
Nonequilibrium phenomena have wider variety compared to equilibrium phenomena. The number of parameters that control the nonequilibrium systems is larger than that of the equilibrium systems, in general. In the Landau theory of equilibrium phase transitions, critical exponent δ is defined from the power-law dependence of the order parameter with respect to an external field (e.g., a magnetic field in ferromagnets). We find that the susceptibility shows critical phenomena and the value of the critical exponent γ agrees with that in the Landau theory of equilibrium phase transitions. Together with the results for β and δ, our results state that the critical phenomena in the nonequilibrium phase transition in question have remarkable similarity with those in the Landau theory of equilibrium phase transitions, if we identify the current as the external field..
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