Abstract

Predicting the critical transition condition for different behaviors of droplet flowing through a micro contraction is a classic academic issue, and there is currently a lack of a simple and universally applicable prediction formula. This article aims to construct critical transition conditions for different droplet behaviors through their characteristic time. In present work, the droplet behavior, including deformation and breakup, are observed in a locally contractive microchannel by a high-speed camera. By tracing the dynamic evolution of droplet interface, it is found that the essential differences between droplet deformation and breakup is whether the minimum neck width will be less than the critical value for the appearance of the irreversible collapse. Based on this, two characteristic times are proposed to describe the deformation and breakup processes, which well explain the trend of flow pattern transition lines. Two mathematical models are established for the two characteristic times, and the critical conditions for the transformation from deformation to breakup is derived from these models. The predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental results, indicating the applicability of the proposed method in this paper.

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