Abstract

Over the last 15 years or so, a great deal of progress has been made experimentally and theoretically in understanding critical phase separation in fluids. The general concepts of scaling and universality are well established and renormalization group calculations of critical exponents are generally in good agreement with experimental values. There exist many books and recent reviews of critical phenomena [1–12]. The best characterized systems are pure fluids near their liquid-vapor critical points and binary fluids near liquid-liquid consolute points [6–12]. Both types of critical points belong to the same universality class as the three-dimensional Ising model. For mix-tures with three or more components, liquid-liquid phase separation seems also to be related to the Ising model [13–21].

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