Abstract
BackgroundThe objective of the research work is to assess day time traffic noise level at curbside open-air microenvironment of Kolkata city, India under heterogeneous environmental conditions.ResultsPrevailing traffic noise level in terms of A-weighted equivalent noise level (Leq) at the microenvironment was in excess of 12.6 ± 2.1 dB(A) from the day time standard of 65 dB(A) for commercial area recommended by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India. Noise Climate and Traffic Noise Index of the microenvironment were accounted for 13 ± 1.8 dB(A) and 88.8 ± 6.1 dB(A) respectively. A correlation analysis explored that prevailing traffic noise level of the microenvironment had weak negative (−0.21; p < 0.01) and very weak positive (0.19; p < 0.01) correlation with air temperature and relative humidity. A Varimax rotated principal component analysis explored that motorized traffic volume had moderate positive loading with background noise component (L90, L95, L99) and prevailing traffic noise level had very strong positive loading with peak noise component (L1, L5, L10). Background and peak noise component cumulatively explained 80.98 % of variance in the data set.ConclusionsTraffic noise level at curbside open-air microenvironment of Kolkata City was higher than the standard recommended by CPCB of India. It was highly annoying also. Air temperature and relative humidity had little influence and the peak noise component had the most significant influence on the prevailing traffic noise level at curbside open-air microenvironment. Therefore, traffic noise level at the microenvironment of the city can be reduced with careful honking and driving.
Highlights
The objective of the research work is to assess day time traffic noise level at curbside open-air microenvironment of Kolkata city, India under heterogeneous environmental conditions
Range of air temperature was accounted for 26.5 °C with a mean of 28.6 ± 6.3 °C during the study period
Observed temporal heterogeneity of relative humidity was of 22.7 % which was similar to air temperature
Summary
The objective of the research work is to assess day time traffic noise level at curbside open-air microenvironment of Kolkata city, India under heterogeneous environmental conditions. Traffic noise contributes more than 55 % of total environmental noise in urban area [1,2,3] It is accounted for over one million healthy years of life lost annually to ill health and may lead to a disease burden that is second only in magnitude to that from air pollution. Most of the Indian cities and towns like Visakhapatnam, Kolhapur, Asansole and Balasore have been facing serious traffic noise pollution in last few decades due to substantial growth of new vehicles, low turnover of old vehicles, inadequate road network and urbanization [13,14,15,16]. The objective of the present research work is to assess day time traffic noise
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