Critical Analyzing on Sand, Gravel, and Stone Mining on the Ongka River for Materials which are Not Metalic

Abstract

Historically, mining rivers for building materials has harmed both the river and the surrounding landscape. To ensure that mining in the river won't cause irreparable damage, we need to conduct in-depth scientific research. They plan to excavate the Osaka Demos River bed for building materials. The researchers employed geodesic mapping to figure out the contours of the river at various points. They examined the river's flow over a distance of 600 metres and over three distinct time spans (25, 50, and 100 years). Sand, gravel, and stones can settle to the river floor as sediment as a river alters its course. For a 100-year return rate flood, the HSS-Snyder technique calculated a flow rate of 1249.1692 cubic metres per second, 1178.8064 cubic metres per second for a 50-year return rate flood, and 1104.2372 cubic metres per second for a 25-year return rate flood. The river is shown to overflow in the simulation when large floods occur at regular intervals of 25, 50, or 100 years. The trapezoid shape will be used in the new technological river design. We use data on river form changes to calculate the volume of dirt that needs to be excavated: 88,347.42 cubic metres.