Criteria for selection of cladding systems based on their maintainability

Abstract

In façades design, the selection of constructive solutions plays an important role. The materials used should withstand the expected degradation agents and mechanisms. However, this choice is still based on intuitive criteria. To support decision-makers in the cladding system selection process, this study considers the behaviour of the constructive solutions over time, their maintenance needs, and costs on a multi-criteria analysis methodology. For that purpose, six façade claddings are evaluated: ceramic tiling systems; natural stone claddings; rendered façades; painted surfaces; ETICS; and architectural concrete façades. The databases were established based on the diagnosis of the degradation of these claddings in real in-service conditions, in Portugal. The findings of this study provide an objective framework for selecting façades claddings’ solutions. The results reveal that, according to the different criteria and preferences of the owners/managers of the buildings, different solutions can be achieved, allowing selecting more suitable and economical materials and maintenance strategies. By comparing to the most usually selected conditions of constructive solutions (initial costs and no preventive maintenance), the maintenance strategy can be changed if the weight of the durability and performance criteria is, at least, 1%, and the constructive solution can be changed if the weight is, at least, 17%.