Abstract
CO2 storage in geological formations represents today one of the main new technological solutions for CO2 emission mitigation. Carbon capture and storage technology (CCS) includes capture of anthropogenic CO2 from various emitters, its transportation and injection in different types of geological formations such as: depleted oil and gas reservoirs, saline formations, unmined coal beds, partially depleted oil reservoirs for enhanced oil recovery (EOR-CO2 method) and others. The analysis of numerous criteria that are determining the success of process implementation from a technical, safety, ecological and economic point of view is necessary for considering the optimal CO2 geological storage option. In this paper, an overview of CO2 geological storage types is presented, with an emphasis on criteria for selection of most adequate CO2 storage option. They include geological, physical, thermodynamic, hydrodynamic, techno economic, social criteria, as well as the regulatory issues that are key factors for CCS technology development and further deployment.
Highlights
Since the beginning of industrial revolution in 18th century until to date, the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has a trend of continuous growth
The criteria that need to be considered for the implementation of CO2 geological storage include: geological factors, physical, thermodynamic and hydrodynamic parameters, as well as the techno-economic, social and regulatory issues
According to many studies on CO2 geological storage types, it is concluded that CO2 storing in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs is the most appropriate option from the aspect of storage safety
Summary
Since the beginning of industrial revolution in 18th century until to date, the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has a trend of continuous growth. One of the recent solutions for CO2 emission mitigation is CO2 geological storage This option includes capture of anthropogenic CO2, its transportation and injection in different types of geological formations such as: depleted oil and gas reservoirs, saline formations, unmined coal beds, injection in partially depleted oil reservoirs for enhanced oil recovery (EOR–CO2 method), and others (salt caverns, basalt formations, shales). In comparison with other types of geological formations, it is considered that the most suitable formation for storage CO2 are depleted oil and gas reservoirs or partially depleted oil reservoirs where CO2 is injected for enhanced oil recovery (EOR–CO2 method). In this paper are presented types of CO2 geological storage with emphasis on criteria for selection of optimal CO2 storage option They include geological, thermodynamic, hydrodynamic, techno-economic, social criteria as well as regulatory issues that are the key factors for CCS technology development and further deployment
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