Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 provides a robust and widely adaptable system with enormous potential for genome editing directed towards generating useful products. It has been used extensively to generate resistance against viruses infecting plants with more effective and prolonged efficiency as compared with previous antiviral approaches, thus holding promise to alleviate crop losses. In this review, we have discussed the reports of CRISPR/Cas-based virus resistance strategies against plant viruses. These strategies include approaches targeting single or multiple genes (or non-coding region) in the viral genome and targeting host factors essential for virus propagation. In addition, the utilization of base editing has been discussed to generate transgene-free plants resistant to viruses. This review also compares the efficiencies of these approaches. Finally, we discuss combinatorial approaches, including multiplexing, to increase editing efficiency and bypass the generation of escape mutants.
Highlights
Management of plant viral diseases is a matter of vital importance and concern to farmers
Recent studies have shown that resistance can be derived by RNA silencing, known as RNA interference (RNAi), which plays an extensive role in antiviral defense in plants
The results show that a single single guide RNA (sgRNA) was able to target multiple viruses (TYLCV, BCTV, MeMV), all of them having the invariant TAATATTAC sequence
Summary
Management of plant viral diseases is a matter of vital importance and concern to farmers. Viral diseases in crops cause enormous losses throughout the world Both conventional and non-conventional approaches have been applied to develop plants resistant to viruses. The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats)/CRISPRassociated 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system has recently emerged as an efficient genome-editing tool for many eukaryotic species, including plants This technology has some advantages over artificial microRNAs and RNAi for engineering virus resistance in plants by the disruption of essential viral or host gene instead of silencing those genes at the RNA level.
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