CRISPR/Cas base-editing systems and their potential applications and prospects

Abstract

CRISPR-Cas9 and its derivatives such as cytosine base editor, adenine base editor and prime editing are an important topic of research today. In recent years, with continuous development and updates by researchers, editing systems have been able to achieve various modifications of target genes. For example, base substitution, insertion and deletion of short fragment genes, etc. have wide applications in plants and animals, etc. However, these editing systems derived from the CRISPR/Cas9 system still face challenges in terms of editing efficiency and accuracy. This review describes the current status of research using editing systems in plant breeding, gene disease treatment, and knockdown of specific genes by establishing animal models, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of editing technologies, and looks forward to their development.