Crisis and the International System: A Case Study of Genocide in Rwanda and Ethiopia and the Significance of Early Warning Signals

Abstract

As the international system encounters armed conflict ongoing in several parts of the globe, concerns have shifted from resolving these conflicts to premeditating and preventing them in the initial stages. However, different continents and societies have inherent peculiarities that shape their conflicts, of which the African continent is not excluded. This paper examines the incidences of genocide in Rwanda and Ethiopia to shed light on the significance of early warning signals in preventing and mitigating such catastrophic events. The research interrogates the complex dynamics of the African continent, exploring how political, social, and economic factors contribute to the emergence and escalation of crises. Through an examination of Rwanda and Ethiopia, the study highlights the importance of recognizing early warning signs as important indicators of potential crises. In essence, policymakers and stakeholders can potentially aver or minimize the devastating consequences of crises by identifying this signal and implementing swift and timely intervention measures. Additionally, the findings emphasize the need for enhanced international cooperation and proactive measures to address and manage crises within the global context effectively.