Crimes against personal freedom in the criminal legislation

Abstract

Relevance. The article addresses the critical issue of protecting personal freedom globally and in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The significance of this paper lies in the fact that personal freedom is a fundamental human right, and no individual should be subjected to arbitrary deprivation of liberty, arrest, or detention without legal grounds. Purpose. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the criminal legislation of several countries, including Russia, Ukraine, France, Germany, and China, concerning the protection of personal freedom. Additionally, the study aims to propose improvements to the criminal legislation of Kazakhstan in this domain. Methodology. The research primarily employs the comparative legal method to analyse and compare the criminal laws of the mentioned countries with those of Kazakhstan. Results. The analysis reveals that the scope of crimes against personal freedom in the legislation of the studied countries is broader than in Kazakhstan. In many cases, crimes against personal liberty are categorized under a distinct chapter dedicated to this type of offence. Conclusions. The conclusions drawn from this research suggest that the insights gained can be instrumental for further studies on this issue. A thorough understanding of different legislative frameworks can aid legislators in more effectively combating crimes against personal freedom and potentially reducing their incidence in the future. Keywords: criminal legislation; kidnapping; human trafficking; illegal imprisonment